MORPHOLOGY

External characteristics

Male
Forewing length (mm): 60-84. Wingspan (mm): 88-116.
Forewings: Upperside black, with or without whitish streaks on both sides of the veins; underside similar. Hindwings Upperside yellow with black veins, black along inner margin and front margin, conical interconnected black marginal spots along outer margin, with or without rounded black submarginal spots; underside similar.

Female
Forewing length (mm): 65-82. Wingspan (mm):104-148.
Forewing, upperside black, with very slight to very strong whitish stripes on both sides of veins, which can be so much enlarged that they cover about half of the wing; underside similar. Hindwing is largely yellow with black veins and black margin of interconnected conical marginal spots and at least some submarginal black spots, but the latter may grow into an almost continuous band.

Subspecies and variation

By far the most variable Troides species. Much of the variation is individual, but there is also a marked geographic variation and as many as 17 subspecies are recognised over the large distribution area from N India to Sulawesi.

Similar species

_{source: Jan Moonen, peronal communication 2020}